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          Meta欲加速“超級智能”競賽,但投資者始終緊盯其廣告營收

          Sharon Goldman
          2025-08-24

          Meta聘請汪滔以協助公司招募一支規模雖小但薪酬極高的研究團隊。

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          Meta首席執行官馬克·扎克伯格。圖片來源:DAVID PAUL MORRIS—Bloomberg/Getty Images

          Meta正全力推進所謂的“超級智能”競賽:隨著新成立的Meta超級智能實驗室(Meta Superintelligence Labs,簡稱MSL)逐步成型,公司再度對人工智能部門進行重組。但分析師指出,投資者始終緊盯Meta長期承諾的目標——通過優化產品提升用戶參與度,進而推動廣告銷售額增長。即便超級智能人工智能模型最終落地,也不過是實現這一目標的手段而已。

          此次重組由前Scale AI首席執行官汪滔(Alexandr Wang)主導,他于今年6月被馬克·扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)任命為首席人工智能官。汪滔目前負責管理由數千名工程師、科學家和產品經理組成的龐大團隊,據悉他正計劃精簡團隊,此舉預計將導致部分高管離職,至少一個團隊面臨解散。

          Meta聘請汪滔以協助公司招募一支規模雖小但薪酬極高的研究團隊——據悉部分研究人員獲得的薪酬方案總額超1億美元(通常分數年發放),這支團隊目前已成為Meta人工智能研發工作的中流砥柱。但該團隊僅是冰山一角:此次重組將整個人工智能部門整合至超級智能實驗室,并新設立四個小組,分別專注于研究、訓練、產品以及基礎設施,所有調整均以“提速”為目標。這四個小組的負責人均向汪滔匯報工作,其中包括知名投資人、前GitHub首席執行官奈特·弗里德曼(Nat Friedman,將負責產品與應用研究),以及前OpenAI研究員趙晟佳(Shengjia Zhao,將以首席科學家身份領導研究團隊)。

          在近期一封詳盡闡述重組計劃的員工郵件中,汪滔承認重組可能會帶來混亂,但堅稱新架構“將讓我們在長期內以更快速度實現超級智能”。(針對《財富》雜志確認郵件內容的請求,Meta未作出回應,該郵件內容此前已由《商業內幕》披露。)

          投資者對此似乎反應不一:消息公布當天,Meta股價一度下跌超2%,但收盤前已基本收復失地。

          研究公司Futurum Group首席執行官丹尼爾·紐曼(Daniel Newman)表示,股價下跌也反映了整體市場的焦慮情緒——近期人工智能及大型科技股從高位回落,市場熱度有所降溫。他預計市場將出現“溫和修正”,但指出Meta“此前業績表現極為強勁”,且“最近再次交出了亮眼的季度成績單”。不過,分析師仍在密切關注兩大關鍵要點:扎克伯格為頂尖人工智能研究人員開出的九位數薪酬,以及公司頻繁進行的架構重組,同時留意Meta能否在人工智能競賽中縮小與競爭對手的差距。“誠然,市場存在擔憂情緒,”紐曼說道,并指出OpenAI、xAI、谷歌(Google)等公司推出的多款前沿模型持續迭代升級,而Meta的開源模型Llama似乎陷入停滯。

          他表示:“我們認為,在扎克伯格大規模招聘后,Meta團隊需要一段適應期,才能逐步提速,研發出更具競爭力的解決方案。”

          為Meta的產品機器提供動力

          然而,Meta對“速度”的追求,本質上是其“產品引擎”的延伸,而非致力于解決人類面臨的最大挑戰。盡管Meta曾通過旗下基礎人工智能研究實驗室[由首席科學家楊立昆(Yann LeCun)共同創立]涉足人工智能登月計劃,但OpenAI、Anthropic等競爭對手,以及Thinking Machines Lab、Safe Superintelligence等衍生機構,已將“通用人工智能”(AGI,通常定義為具備人類同等智能水平的人工智能)與“超級智能”(遠超人類智能水平的人工智能)確立為核心使命。

          相比之下,即便在“超級智能”成為熱詞之前,Meta的核心使命始終未變:優化旗下產品,提升用戶在其利潤豐厚的社交媒體平臺[包括臉書(Facebook)、Instagram、WhatsApp]上的活躍度。這些平臺的廣告業務幾乎貢獻了Meta的全部營收——最新季度營收已達466億美元。

          扎克伯格上月通過一條Instagram短視頻及一篇博文強調了這一關鍵要點。他在發布的內容中提到,人工智能技術正飛速發展,我們開始觀察到“人工智能系統自我改進的跡象”,并補充稱,超級智能如今“已近在咫尺”。但與競爭對手人工智能公司聚焦“科學突破或經濟變革”不同,扎克伯格的愿景始終圍繞“個體用戶”:打造一款個性化人工智能,助力用戶“實現目標、創作出內心渴望在世界中看見的內容、成為更貼心的朋友,成長為理想中的自己”。

          這種定位與Meta一貫秉持的發展路徑高度吻合——面向消費者的體驗設計旨在維持用戶粘性(進而推動廣告銷售)。在扎克伯格看來,超級智能還意味著為“融入人工智能的未來個人設備”提供動力,尤其是能“看見我們所見、聽見我們所聞,并全天候與我們互動”的增強現實(AR)眼鏡。

          紐曼表示,他依然看好Meta的前景,原因在于該公司“對業務中‘研究端’的依賴度較低,而是利用人工智能持續提升日活躍用戶數量——營收自然也隨之不斷增長。”

          但弗雷斯特研究公司(Forrester)的邁克·普魯克斯(Mike Proulx)卻持有不同見解。他在接受《財富》雜志采訪時指出,“Meta正全力以赴打造‘業界最佳、性能最強大的人工智能模型’,這一點毋庸置疑。當前人工智能競賽已全面展開,而Meta在與競爭對手的較量中處于落后態勢。將重心鎖定在超級智能領域,能為Meta在戰略與運營層面確立清晰目標,進而凝聚力量。”

          扎克伯格在Meta最新財報電話會議上也表達了類似觀點,強調人工智能是Meta五大重點領域的核心。但普魯克斯指出,扎克伯格在電話會議中強調,超級智能融入人們日常生活的“主要載體”是人工智能眼鏡,而非Meta旗下的系列應用程序。

          總體而言,普魯克斯表示,他并不擔憂Meta人工智能部門看似頻繁的變動。“這一領域正以驚人的速度發展。如同任何一場新興技術競賽,過程中必然會伴隨大量調整。這是行業特性使然。”他說道。

          盡管關于超級智能的討論熱度持續攀升,但Meta人工智能部門的重組,表明其核心戰略并未發生改變:仍是通過打造個性化產品,促使數十億用戶持續滑動屏幕、廣告持續投放——不久的將來,人工智能驅動的眼鏡有望成為人人佩戴的日常設備。該公司的發展走向備受關注:“如今的問題在于,團隊能否有效達成既定目標。”普魯克斯說道。(財富中文網)

          譯者:中慧言-王芳

          Meta正全力推進所謂的“超級智能”競賽:隨著新成立的Meta超級智能實驗室(Meta Superintelligence Labs,簡稱MSL)逐步成型,公司再度對人工智能部門進行重組。但分析師指出,投資者始終緊盯Meta長期承諾的目標——通過優化產品提升用戶參與度,進而推動廣告銷售額增長。即便超級智能人工智能模型最終落地,也不過是實現這一目標的手段而已。

          此次重組由前Scale AI首席執行官汪滔(Alexandr Wang)主導,他于今年6月被馬克·扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)任命為首席人工智能官。汪滔目前負責管理由數千名工程師、科學家和產品經理組成的龐大團隊,據悉他正計劃精簡團隊,此舉預計將導致部分高管離職,至少一個團隊面臨解散。

          Meta聘請汪滔以協助公司招募一支規模雖小但薪酬極高的研究團隊——據悉部分研究人員獲得的薪酬方案總額超1億美元(通常分數年發放),這支團隊目前已成為Meta人工智能研發工作的中流砥柱。但該團隊僅是冰山一角:此次重組將整個人工智能部門整合至超級智能實驗室,并新設立四個小組,分別專注于研究、訓練、產品以及基礎設施,所有調整均以“提速”為目標。這四個小組的負責人均向汪滔匯報工作,其中包括知名投資人、前GitHub首席執行官奈特·弗里德曼(Nat Friedman,將負責產品與應用研究),以及前OpenAI研究員趙晟佳(Shengjia Zhao,將以首席科學家身份領導研究團隊)。

          在近期一封詳盡闡述重組計劃的員工郵件中,汪滔承認重組可能會帶來混亂,但堅稱新架構“將讓我們在長期內以更快速度實現超級智能”。(針對《財富》雜志確認郵件內容的請求,Meta未作出回應,該郵件內容此前已由《商業內幕》披露。)

          投資者對此似乎反應不一:消息公布當天,Meta股價一度下跌超2%,但收盤前已基本收復失地。

          研究公司Futurum Group首席執行官丹尼爾·紐曼(Daniel Newman)表示,股價下跌也反映了整體市場的焦慮情緒——近期人工智能及大型科技股從高位回落,市場熱度有所降溫。他預計市場將出現“溫和修正”,但指出Meta“此前業績表現極為強勁”,且“最近再次交出了亮眼的季度成績單”。不過,分析師仍在密切關注兩大關鍵要點:扎克伯格為頂尖人工智能研究人員開出的九位數薪酬,以及公司頻繁進行的架構重組,同時留意Meta能否在人工智能競賽中縮小與競爭對手的差距。“誠然,市場存在擔憂情緒,”紐曼說道,并指出OpenAI、xAI、谷歌(Google)等公司推出的多款前沿模型持續迭代升級,而Meta的開源模型Llama似乎陷入停滯。

          他表示:“我們認為,在扎克伯格大規模招聘后,Meta團隊需要一段適應期,才能逐步提速,研發出更具競爭力的解決方案。”

          為Meta的產品機器提供動力

          然而,Meta對“速度”的追求,本質上是其“產品引擎”的延伸,而非致力于解決人類面臨的最大挑戰。盡管Meta曾通過旗下基礎人工智能研究實驗室[由首席科學家楊立昆(Yann LeCun)共同創立]涉足人工智能登月計劃,但OpenAI、Anthropic等競爭對手,以及Thinking Machines Lab、Safe Superintelligence等衍生機構,已將“通用人工智能”(AGI,通常定義為具備人類同等智能水平的人工智能)與“超級智能”(遠超人類智能水平的人工智能)確立為核心使命。

          相比之下,即便在“超級智能”成為熱詞之前,Meta的核心使命始終未變:優化旗下產品,提升用戶在其利潤豐厚的社交媒體平臺[包括臉書(Facebook)、Instagram、WhatsApp]上的活躍度。這些平臺的廣告業務幾乎貢獻了Meta的全部營收——最新季度營收已達466億美元。

          扎克伯格上月通過一條Instagram短視頻及一篇博文強調了這一關鍵要點。他在發布的內容中提到,人工智能技術正飛速發展,我們開始觀察到“人工智能系統自我改進的跡象”,并補充稱,超級智能如今“已近在咫尺”。但與競爭對手人工智能公司聚焦“科學突破或經濟變革”不同,扎克伯格的愿景始終圍繞“個體用戶”:打造一款個性化人工智能,助力用戶“實現目標、創作出內心渴望在世界中看見的內容、成為更貼心的朋友,成長為理想中的自己”。

          這種定位與Meta一貫秉持的發展路徑高度吻合——面向消費者的體驗設計旨在維持用戶粘性(進而推動廣告銷售)。在扎克伯格看來,超級智能還意味著為“融入人工智能的未來個人設備”提供動力,尤其是能“看見我們所見、聽見我們所聞,并全天候與我們互動”的增強現實(AR)眼鏡。

          紐曼表示,他依然看好Meta的前景,原因在于該公司“對業務中‘研究端’的依賴度較低,而是利用人工智能持續提升日活躍用戶數量——營收自然也隨之不斷增長。”

          但弗雷斯特研究公司(Forrester)的邁克·普魯克斯(Mike Proulx)卻持有不同見解。他在接受《財富》雜志采訪時指出,“Meta正全力以赴打造‘業界最佳、性能最強大的人工智能模型’,這一點毋庸置疑。當前人工智能競賽已全面展開,而Meta在與競爭對手的較量中處于落后態勢。將重心鎖定在超級智能領域,能為Meta在戰略與運營層面確立清晰目標,進而凝聚力量。”

          扎克伯格在Meta最新財報電話會議上也表達了類似觀點,強調人工智能是Meta五大重點領域的核心。但普魯克斯指出,扎克伯格在電話會議中強調,超級智能融入人們日常生活的“主要載體”是人工智能眼鏡,而非Meta旗下的系列應用程序。

          總體而言,普魯克斯表示,他并不擔憂Meta人工智能部門看似頻繁的變動。“這一領域正以驚人的速度發展。如同任何一場新興技術競賽,過程中必然會伴隨大量調整。這是行業特性使然。”他說道。

          盡管關于超級智能的討論熱度持續攀升,但Meta人工智能部門的重組,表明其核心戰略并未發生改變:仍是通過打造個性化產品,促使數十億用戶持續滑動屏幕、廣告持續投放——不久的將來,人工智能驅動的眼鏡有望成為人人佩戴的日常設備。該公司的發展走向備受關注:“如今的問題在于,團隊能否有效達成既定目標。”普魯克斯說道。(財富中文網)

          譯者:中慧言-王芳

          Meta is doubling down on its so-called race to “superintelligence,” reshuffling its AI organization once more as its new Meta Superintelligence Labs (MSL) group takes shape. But analysts say investors are keeping their eye on the prize Meta has always promised: improved products that increase engagement and, in turn, sell more ads. Superintelligent AI models, if they arrive, are just a means to that end.

          This time it’s former Scale AI CEO Alexandr Wang—brought on by Mark Zuckerberg in June as chief AI officer—leading the reorganization. Wang, who now oversees a sprawling operation of thousands of engineers, scientists, and product managers, is looking to rein it in, reportedly resulting in some expected executive departures and at least one team shutdown.

          Wang was hired to help recruit a small, high-priced cadre of researchers—some reportedly offered compensation packages exceeding $100 million, typically spread out over several years—now perched at the pinnacle of Meta’s AI effort. But that group is only the tip of the spear: The new restructuring folds the entire AI organization into MSL, with four new groups focused on research, training, products, and infrastructure, all part of a bid for speed. The quartet of group leaders will all report to Wang, including well-known investor and former GitHub CEO Nat Friedman, who will lead product and applied research, and former OpenAI researcher Shengjia Zhao, who will lead the research team as chief scientist.

          In a recent email to employees, which detailed the restructuring, Wang acknowledged that reorganizations can be disruptive but insisted the new structure would “allow us to reach superintelligence with more velocity over the long term.” (Meta did not respond to Fortune’s request to confirm the contents of the email, which were published by Business Insider.)

          Investors, meanwhile, seem to have mixed feelings: Meta’s stock slid more than 2% on the news today, but climbed most of the way back by market close.

          The share-price slide also reflects broader market jitters, as overheated AI and Big Tech names come off recent highs, said Daniel Newman, CEO of research firm the Futurum Group. He said he expects a “modest correction” but noted that Meta has “had an incredible run” and recently “delivered a great quarter once again.” Still, analysts are eyeing Zuckerberg’s nine-figure paydays for top AI researchers and his repeated reorganizing, and watching for signs that Meta will close the gap in the AI race. “Of course there is some concern,” Newman said, pointing out that numerous frontier models from OpenAI, xAI, and Google continue to improve, while Meta’s open-source Llama models have “seemingly stalled.”

          “We think the team at Meta, after Zuckerberg’s hiring spree, will need a period of acclimation before it finds the velocity to develop more competitive solutions,” he said.

          Feeding Meta’s product machine

          That need for speed, however, is best understood as an extension of Meta’s product machine rather than a bid to solve humanity’s greatest challenges. While Meta has dabbled in moonshot AI through its FAIR research lab (cofounded by chief scientist Yann LeCun), rivals like OpenAI and Anthropic and spinoffs such as Thinking Machines Lab and Safe Superintelligence have made the pursuit of artificial general intelligence (AI generally defined to be as smart as humans) and superintelligence (AI far smarter than humans) their central mission.

          Meta’s mission, by contrast, has remained the same as it was before “superintelligence” became a buzzword: improving the products that power engagement on its massively profitable social-media platforms, including Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. The advertising on those platforms is the source of nearly all of Meta’s revenue, which reached $46.6 billion in the most recent quarter.

          Zuckerberg underscored this focus last month with an Instagram Reel and blog post in which he said AI is rapidly advancing and that we’re beginning to see “glimpses of AI systems improving themselves.” Superintelligence is now “in sight,” he added—but while rival AI companies talk about scientific or economic breakthroughs, his vision is aimed squarely at the individual: a personalized AI that helps you “achieve your goals, create what you want to see in the world, be a better friend, and grow to become the person that you aspire to be.”

          That framing neatly aligns with what Meta has always built—consumer-facing experiences designed to keep people engaged (and sell more ads). To Zuckerberg, superintelligence also means powering the future of AI-infused personal devices, specifically augmented-reality glasses that can “see what we see, hear what we hear, and interact with us throughout the day.”

          Newman said he continues to like Meta’s prospects because the company “isn’t as dependent on the research end of its business, as it is using AI to continue to create higher daily active user numbers—and of course, the coinciding revenue continues to rise as well.”

          But Forrester’s Mike Proulx countered that there is no doubt Meta is laser-focused on building “the best and most powerful AI models, period,” he told Fortune. “The race is on, and Meta is lagging against competitors. A concerted focus on superintelligence gives Meta a North Star to rally around both strategically and operationally.”

          Zuckerberg echoed that sentiment on Meta’s most recent earnings call, stressing that AI is at the center of each of Meta’s five focus areas. But Proulx pointed out that it was AI glasses—not the company’s family of apps—that Zuckerberg highlighted on that call as “the main way” superintelligence will enter people’s daily lives.

          Overall, Proulx said he is not concerned with the seemingly constant upheaval in Meta’s AI organization. “This space is moving at breakneck speed. As with any emerging tech race, there’s inevitably going to be a lot of pivoting. It comes with the territory,” he said.

          For all the lofty talk of superintelligence, however, Meta’s AI reshuffling shows its bets are mostly still the same: personalized products that keep billions scrolling, ads flowing—and soon, AI-powered glasses perched on every face. How the company fares will be closely watched: “The question now is whether the team is effectively enabled to deliver, or not,” said Proulx.

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